Nature | Materials
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A chlorinated organic cation enables stable 2D/3D tin iodide perovskite photovoltaics
The air instability and uncontrolled crystallization of tin halide perovskites have hindered their photovoltaic applications. Two-dimensional tin perovskites containing the 4-chloro-phenethylammonium cation are developed to enable durable tin halide perovskite solar cells capable of achieving 16.2% efficiency and over 1,000 h of operational stability at 55 °C in ambient air.