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An Unconstitutional “Jim Crow Jury” Sent Him to Prison for Life. A New Law Aims to Keep Him There.
Lloyd Gray was convicted of rape in Louisiana in 1980 by a nonunanimous jury, receiving a life sentence despite two jurors voting to acquit. This type of conviction, rooted in historical racial discrimination, was later deemed unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. However, the ruling did not automatically apply retroactively to individuals like Gray, who has maintained his innocence. Louisiana's state supreme court and legislature have resisted overturning past split-jury convictions, leaving many prisoners, predominantly Black men, incarcerated. A recent law further restricts prosecutors from offering plea deals for release, closing a crucial avenue for relief. Legal experts criticize the Supreme Court's decision for not making the ruling fully retroactive, unlike in similar cases. Oregon, in contrast, has vacated all such convictions and offered plea deals to most affected prisoners. Evidence suggests racial bias played a role in Gray's conviction, with two Black jurors voting not guilty and a swastika found on his case file. The state's allowance of nonunanimous juries originated from a desire to disenfranchise Black jurors and uphold white supremacy. Despite strong arguments for his release, Gray remains imprisoned, with a new law potentially blocking his path to freedom.