Como redes peer-to-peer funcionam?

The peer-to-peer (P2P) model is a decentralized network architecture that allows direct data exchange between devices, eliminating the need for centralized servers. In a P2P connection, all devices act as both clients and servers, and the connection is organized in a decentralized manner. Unlike traditional client-server models, where a client requests data from a central server, in P2P, devices can both consume and provide resources such as data, storage, and processing power. When a device requests data in a P2P network, it sends requests to multiple devices, which respond with parts of the requested data. The device then shares the received parts with other clients seeking the same content. There are three types of P2P networks: structured, unstructured, and hybrid, each with its own characteristics and advantages. P2P networks offer several benefits, including security, scalability, and flexibility. Since P2P networks do not have a central server, they are less vulnerable to hacking, and the impact of an attack on one device is minimal. Additionally, the capacity of a P2P network is virtually unlimited, as more devices can act as servers, and the network can be tailored to specific application requirements. Overall, P2P networks provide a decentralized and efficient way of sharing resources and data.