Generalized Kramers-Wanier Dua... Note

Generalized Kramers-Wanier Duality from Bilinear Phase Map

Author(s): Linhao Li, Masaki Oshikawa, and Han Yan (闫寒) We present the bilinear phase map, a concept that generalizes the Kramers-Wannier transformation to investigate unconventional gapped phases of qudit spin chains. Encoding the transformation in a matrix, the bilinear phase map enables the exploration of a broader spectrum of generalized quantum phas… [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 240403] Published Wed Jun 17, 2026