[Golang] Understanding Unbuffered and Buffered Channels

Channel capacity in Go can be unbuffered or buffered. Unbuffered channels have no capacity and block senders until a receiver is ready, making the operations synchronous. Buffered channels have a fixed capacity defined at declaration, allowing senders to proceed without blocking until the buffer is full, thus enabling asynchronous behavior. Closing a channel prevents further sends, causing a panic, while receivers can still retrieve values until the buffer is empty. A closed channel can be detected by checking the second return value from a receive operation. Go supports receive-only and send-only channels, restricting their usage to either receiving or sending values, respectively. These channel types enforce unidirectional data flow and are declared using specific syntax. Attempting to perform operations not allowed by the channel type results in compilation errors. This channel mechanism facilitates synchronization and communication between goroutines without explicit locks or condition variables. Buffered channels introduce asynchronous behavior by decoupling senders and receivers to a certain extent.