🔍 How Functions Work in JavaScript ❤️ & Variable Environment

Functions are fundamental to JavaScript, and understanding their inner workings is crucial for writing effective code. Each function execution creates its own Execution Context, a unique environment. Inside this context, there is a Variable Environment that stores variables and parameters, a Scope Chain connecting to outer environments, and the `this` keyword. The Variable Environment encompasses function parameters, variable declarations (var, let, const), and inner function declarations. This temporary environment is recreated upon each function call. For example, calling `greet("Ronak")` generates a new environment with `name` and `message` variables. This environment is essential for understanding hoisting. Hoisting behavior arises from the way JavaScript handles the Variable Environment. Variables declared with `var` are hoisted, meaning their declaration, but not their value, is moved to the top of the environment. Therefore, the variables are declared before the rest of the code is executed. This leads to understanding the value of a variable before they are actually defined in the code. The Execution Context and Variable Environment are fundamental concepts for writing clean, reliable JavaScript code.