Software development is undergoing a significant transformation, moving beyond AI as merely a productivity tool. Initially, AI focused on code generation, shifting bottlenecks from coding to design, architecture, and verification. However, the author realized the ultimate bottleneck isn't a specific phase but human attention itself.The role of a developer is evolving from focused individual execution to orchestrating AI agents, akin to a conductor leading an orchestra. Great developers are now managing multiple AI agents, providing context, evaluating outputs, and making iterative decisions. This new role demands the ability to hold the entire system in one's head, much like a conductor understands a full musical score.This parallels the experience of executives who manage numerous streams of work, making decisions with incomplete information and prioritizing relentlessly. The challenge lies in managing energy and attention amid constant context switching and an endless stream of decisions. Executives learn to protect their attention, manage energy, reduce unnecessary decisions, and create supportive systems.Software developers will increasingly need these same capabilities. The author argues that engineering expertise is now applied differently, with execution becoming much faster due to AI. This shift is not about developers becoming managers or AI replacing engineering, but about redesigning engineering careers around human attention as the scarce resource.The profound change demands preparing developers for a world where managing personal energy and cognitive load is paramount. This redefines what it means to be a "great developer" in the age of AI.