Physical Review Letters
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Trace Anomaly of Cold Dense Matter Constrained by Collective Flow
Author(s): Bao-An Li
The trace anomaly of dense matter, $\mathrm{Δ}≡1/3−P/ϵ$, defined through the ratio $w≡P/ϵ$ of pressure $P$ to energy density $ϵ$, quantifies deviations from conformal symmetry and provides a dimensionless measure of the stiffness of the equation of state (EOS) relevant for both neutron stars and hea… [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 242301] Published Mon Jun 15, 2026
