Why You Should Never Commit Your .env File and How to Handle It Properly

.env files store environment variables, separating sensitive information from code, enhancing security and flexibility. Hardcoding secrets or committing .env files to public repositories are common, yet dangerous mistakes that expose sensitive credentials. Compressing .env files offers no real security and may attract attackers. If a .env file is accidentally committed, it must be removed from the repository history using tools like BFG Repo-Cleaner. Exposed secrets should be immediately revoked and rotated across all services. Relevant stakeholders should be notified if shared infrastructure or customer data is affected. Adding .env to .gitignore prevents accidental commits in the future. Secure practices involve sharing .env files via encrypted channels and utilizing CI/CD secret management features. Regularly scan code for accidental secret commits and periodically rotate secrets for proactive security. Proper .env management is crucial for protecting projects and building secure development habits.