Skillful clinicians incorporate the best available evidence in the care of their patients. This is no small feat, given the rapidly changing landscape for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of many health conditions, along with evidence that highlights the importance of personalizing treatments of many health conditions based on the specific patient and health condition. One aspect of personalization that doesn’t require sophisticated testing is simply incorporating sex-based evidence in clinical care. There are many differences between men and women that are easy to recognize. There are many other differences that are just beginning to be appreciated across the full spectrum of health care. Rigorous studies that evaluate genetic and physiologic attributes are increasing the available evidence that clinicians can incorporate directly into patient care.