The insecticide chlorpyrifos, once widely used for pest control, poses significant health risks. A new US study suggests these risks begin before birth. Prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos is linked to structural brain abnormalities and reduced motor functions in children and adolescents. Higher prenatal exposure correlated with greater deviations in brain structure, function, and metabolism. The research also indicated poorer motor speed and motor programming in exposed individuals. These findings provide the first evidence of widespread, long-lasting molecular, cellular, and metabolic effects in the brain from this pesticide. Such disturbances were observed to be remarkably widespread throughout the brain tissue. The EPA banned residential use of chlorpyrifos in 2001. However, the pesticide continues to be used in agriculture globally. Monitoring exposure levels, particularly in pregnant women in agricultural communities, is crucial as infants remain at risk.