Chem. Sci., 2026, Accepted Manuscript DOI: 10.1039/D6SC04270H, Review Article Mufan Xing, Hu Zhang, Zhongyin Kang, Min Zhang, Xun Zhu, Qian Fu Electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction (CO₂RR) in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) represents a pivotal technology for carbon neutrality, yet its industrial deployment is severely restricted by the carbonate dilemma. Traditional alkali-cation systems...