Rodrigo Girão Serrão: Remove extra spaces

The article explores multiple methods for removing extra spaces from a string in Python. The most efficient method utilizes the `re` module with a regular expression to replace two or more consecutive spaces with a single space. Another approach involves using the `split()` method, followed by `join()`, but it requires filtering out empty strings to avoid unwanted results. The issue with this method is that it removes leading and trailing white spaces. A more iterative method involves repeatedly replacing double spaces with single spaces using `replace()` until no further changes occur. This method is a "fixed-point" approach. A fourth approach discusses using Python's `itertools.groupby` function for space removal. All presented methods aim to convert strings with multiple spaces into strings with single spaces between words. The best method is the regex approach for both readability and performance. String splitting is another simple approach, but it should be accompanied by a filter. The final approach to discuss focuses on the concept of reaching a fixed point.